In the broader sense liberalism can be equated with:
1.Democracy
2.Capitalism
3.Socialism
4.Totalitarianism
In the economic sphere the liberal thinkers stood for:
1.System of monopolies
2.Laissez faire
3. State regulation
4.Large scale production
Individualism is also known as:
1.Idealism
2.Syndicalism
3.Laissez Faire
4.Collectivism
Individualism was justified on scientific grounds by:
1.Darwin Spencer
2.Herbert Spencer
3.Rousseau
4.Marx
Liberalism as a philosophy is based on the principle of:
1.Expediency
2.Reason
3.Blind faith
4. Moral upliftment
Modern individualists are for:
1.Concentration of ail powers in the hands of the state
2.Abolition of state
3.Decentralization of authority
4.Increasing powers of state
Modern liberalism differs from classical liberalism in so far as:
1. It does not support individual liberty
2. It is against democratic institutions
3.It pleads for free enterprise
4. It stands for a world free from all forms of tyranny and exploitation
The idealist revision of liberalism was effected by
1.Bernard Bosanquet
2.Hegel
3.Laski
4.Adam Smith
The Liberal philosophy found its best exposition in:
1.The American Declaration of Independence 1776
2.The French Declaration of the Rights of Man 1789
3.The Indian Independence Act 1947
4.Both (a) and (b)
The liberal thinkers held that:
1.Each law promotes individual liberty
2.Each law restricts individual liberty
3.There is no relationship between law and liberty
4.Law is essential for moral development of man
The modern individualism which arose as a reaction against extreme Collectivism differs from nineteenth century individualism in so far as:
1.It focuses attention on group rather than the individual
2. It pleads for abolishing the state
3.It pleads for maximum functions for the state
4.It pleads for absolute freedom for individual
The modern Liberals are:
1.Opposed to nationalization of industries
2. In favour of nationalization of large scale industries only
3.In favour of nationalization of all industries
4.In favour of promoting small scale and cottage industries
The term Liberalism originated from that world Tiber taken from:
1.Greek language
2. French language
3.Latin language
4. Spanish language
In the economic sphere the individualists were in favour of:
1.Ending all free competition
2.Ecouraging free competition
3.State control over production and distribution
4.Dictatorship of proletariat
In the present century the evils of the theory of laissez-faire were sought to be checked through:
1.State intervention
2.Capitalist intervention
3.Socialist intervention
4.None of the above
One of the greatest contributions of Green to the liberal theory was:
1.Insistence on absence of all restraints on the individual liberty
2. Strong opposition to the right of private property
3.Insistence on collective well being as a precondition of individual freedom and responsibility
4.Concentration on the individual good alone
The classical liberals stood for:
1. Ending all hereditary advantages
2.Permitting the hereditary advantage unhindered
3.Curtailing the hereditary advantages
4.None of the above
The individualists favoured leaving the individual completely free because:
1.He is nor social
2.He is celfish
3.He is quarrelsome
4.So that he may learn to do things for himself
The objective of the individualists to establish:
1.A classless society
2.An equitable society
3.A stateless society
4.A free society
The present day liberals who are known as Positivist Liberals are in favour of:
1.Pushing the state out of economic field
2.Doing away the state s interference in the economic sphere
3.State regulation of the economic conditions in the interests of workers
4.State regulation to protect the interests of the capitalists
The social and political justification for individualism was given by:
1.Herbert Spencer
2.Bentham
3. J.S. Mill
4.MacIver
Which one of the following Liberal thinkers advocated the principle of greatest good of the greatest number ?
1. J.S. Mill
2.Bentham
3.Laski
4.Green
Who of the following is the most important exponent of modern individualism?
1.J.S. Mill
2.Herbert Spencer
3.Adam Smith
4.Graham Wallas
According to the individualists state is:
1.A necessary evil
2.A welfare agency
3.Au instrument of exploitation
4.An unnecessary evil
According to the individualists:
1.The state was the best judge of man s interests
2. The Parliament was the best judge of individual s interests
3.The individual himself was the best judge of his interests
4.The King was the best judge of people s interests
According to the liberal theory private property is mainly:
1. Inherited from forefathers
2.Given by nature
3.The result of one s labour
4.The result of exploitation
According to the Liberals the state should promote the welfare of:
1.Ruling classes
2.The upper classes
3.The bourgeoisie classes
4.All the sections of society
According to the twentieth century liberal thinkers like Laski and MacIver:
1.The state performs only negative functions
2.The state performs only positive functions
3.The state performs both negative as well as positive functions
4.The state is an instrument of exploitation
Individualism which was one of the theories of liberalism pleaded for:
1.Maximum state control
2.Maximum freedom for individual
3.Press censorship
4.Development of moral life
Individualism is also known as:
1.Idealism
2.Collectivism
3.Syndicalism
4.Laissez faire
Liberalism is the anti-thesis of:
1.Aristocracy
2.Democracy
3.Capitalism
4.All the above
Liberalism assumed a new shape in modern times under the impact of:
1.Church
2.Mandan Socialism
3.Scientific inventions
4.Modern means of communications
Liberalism found its most detailed and lucid expression in the writings of:
1.Hobbes
2.Locke
3.Rousseau
4.None of the above
Liberalism stands for:
1.Social liberty
2.Political liberty
3.Economic liberty
4.All the above
The classical liberals believed that:
1.Strong nations had a right to dominate the weak nations
2.No nation had the right to exploit the otherThe rich nations must help the poor nations to eliminate international tension
3.Poor nations must join hands to protect themselves against the rich nations
4.None of the above
The classical liberals pleaded for economic liberty for: A. B. C. D.
1.The poor
2.The rich
3.The middle classes
4. All the classes
The classical liberals stood for: A.B. C.D.
1. Equal rights for all
2.Special rights for educated persons
3. Special rights for propertied classes
4.Special rights for women
The credit for converting Liberalism into Positivist Liberalism In the nineteenth century goes to:
1.Bentham
2.Herbert Spencer
3.T.H. Green
4.Adam Smith
The credit for introducing far reaching changes in the Liberal philosophy goes to:
1.T.H. Green
2. J.S. Mill
3.Marx
4.Laski
The economic justification individualism was offered by:
1.Adam Smith
2. Herbert Spencer
3.Marx
4.J.S. Mill
The individualists favoured free competition in the economic sphere because:
1.It stimulates production
2.It protects the interests of weaker sections
3. It promotes art and good living
4. It makes the state powerful
The liberal theory regards the state:
1.As an end in itself
2.As a means to an end
3.As an instrument of exploitation
4.As an instrument for levelling of inequalities
The liberal thinkers of the nineteenth century considered state as:
1.A welfare agency
2.A necessary evil
3.A preserver of liberty
4. An instrument of exploitation
The Liberalism which flourished in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries is also known as:
1.Early Liberalism
2.Primitive Liberalism
3.Classical Liberalism
4.All the above three
The modern individualism arose as a reaction against:
1.Extreme collectivism
2.Fascism
3.Misuse of individual
4.freedom
The modern individualists consider the state as:
1.Omnipotent
2.Indispensable
3.One of many groups
4.Superfluous
The modern individualists consider the state as:
1.Omnipotent
2.Indispensable
3.One of many groups
4.Superfluous
The modern liberals seek to protect the interests of:
1.Working classes
2.Capitalists
3.Landed aristocracy
4.All the above classes
The principle of greatest good of the greatest number was advocated by:
1.Idealists
2.Individualists
3.Utilitarianism
4.Marxists
The principle of survival of the fittest was advocated by:
1.Darwin
2.Herbert Spencer
3.Adam Smith
4.J.S. Mill
The Wealth of Nations which is a classic treatise on the theory of non-intervention in economic sphere was written by: .
1.Adam Smith
2.Cairnes
3.Ricardo
4.Malthus
Utilitarianism which is another theory of liberalism is associated with the name of:
1.Hegel
2.Bentham
3.Locke
4.Green
Which one of the following criticisms against Liberalism has been wrongly listed?
1.Liberalism paves the way for anarchy by limiting the claims of authority
2.Liberalism lea-Ls to negation of individual liberty by concentration too much of power in the state
3.Liberalism does not provide any viable solution to the problems of the third world
4.Liberalism abandons freedom and rational discussion if poses a threat to the capitalist system
Which one of the following expounded the philosophy of positive liberalism ?
1.Harold J.Laski
2.J.M. Robertson
3.J.A. Hobson
4.All the above
Which one of the following has been wrongly listed as a feature of positive liberalism?
1.It stands for freedom through the state
2.It looks upon the state as an instrument for the development of human personality
3.It holds that the state is capable of performing social welfare functions
4.None of the above
Who defined liberalism as The theory and practice of individual liberty judicial defence and constitutional state ?
1.J.S. Mill
2.Laski
3.Sartori
4.MacIver
Who defined Liberalism as the theory and practice of individual liberty judicial defence and the constitutional state ?
1.Hacker
2.Laski
3.Sartori
4. T.H.Green
Who of the following is regarded as the father of liberal political philosophy?
1.John Locke
2.Hobbes
3.Laski
4.None of the above
Who of the following philosophers is considered the exponent of modern individualism?
1.Graham Wallas
2.Laski
3.Leacock
4.Hobbes
Who said Liberalism is a passion for liberty ?
1.Bentham
2.J.S. Mill
3.Barker
4.Laski
Who said Liberalism is the expression less of trend them of a temperament. It implies a passion for liberty and that the passion may be compelling. It requires a power to be tolerant even sceptical about opinions and tendencies you hold to be dangerous which is one of the rarest human qualities.
1.Lord Bryce
2.Thomas Paine
3.Horold Laski
4.Marx Webber
Who said: Over himself over his own body and mind the individual is sovereign ?
1.Bentham
2.J.S. Mill
3.T.H. Green
4.H.J. Laski